Rainbow halos occur less following implantation of extended range of vision one-piece intraocular lenses vs diffractive bifocal intraocular lenses

AIM: To observe the characteristics of iridociliary cysts in myopic patients and evaluate the influences on the position and safety of implantable collamer lens (ICL) after surgery.METHODS: Totally 270 eyes of 135 patients who underwent ICL surgery for the correction of myopia were included in this study. We observed preoperative and postoperative morphology of iridociliary cysts in ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM) image.RESULTS: A total of 138 iridociliary cysts were found in 88 eyes of 50 patients among 270 eyes of 135 patients before surgery (37%). Twenty-five patients had cysts in one eye (50%) and 25 had cysts in both eyes (50%). The prevalence of iridociliary cysts was negatively correlated with age, but no gender difference (P>0.05). The incidence of iridociliary cysts was much less in eyes with myopia greater than -9.00 D (P<0.05). The diameter of the largest cyst was 1.96 mm and the smallest cyst was 0.24 mm, with a majority within the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm. Most of the cysts were located in the inferior temporal quadrant. One year after ICL implantation, 51 iridociliary cysts (37%) remained unchanged, 47 cysts (34%) decreased in size, and 40 cysts (29%) disappeared. Most of cysts that changed after surgery were smaller than 1.0 mm (P<0.05) and located in the nasal and temporal sides around the haptics of implantable lens. All the implantable lens were in their original position.CONCLUSION: Iridociliary cysts are commonly seen in myopic eyes. The cysts have no impact on the safety of ICL surgery. Some cysts may decrease in size or disappear after ICL implantation.     

Interplay of metabolizing enzymes and transporter of xenobiotics

1.?Xenobiotics are metabolized and eliminated through the coordinated interplay of their metabolizing enzymes and transporters. However, these two activities in vitro are measured separately, with the addition of ATP as a pre-requisite.

2.?We propose a human renal cell-line model which integrates the sulfate and glutathione conjugation of xenobiotics with the efflux of their respective conjugates. Sulfation and glutathionylation represent two major Phase II detoxification of xenobiotics in man. The reactions are catalyzed, respectively, by phenolsulfotransferase and glutathione-S-transferase followed by extrusion of their respective conjugates.

3.?Using Ko-143, a specific inhibitor of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, we identified this transporter to be responsible for the efflux of p-cresol sulfate, harmol sulfate and the glutathione conjugate of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.

4.?The conjugation-cum-efflux was inhibited by oligomycin and uncouplers, which highlights the role of cellular mitochondria in providing ATP for the biosynthesis of their conjugating agents, 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) and reduced glutathione as well as for the transport function of BCRP.

5.?The human 786-O renal cell-line provides a “3-in-1” system linking ATP biosynthesis to metabolism of xenobiotics and their ultimate transport and elimination by BCRP; this integrated system was not apparent in other human cell-lines examined.     

Meta-analysis of associations between interleukin-10 polymorphisms and susceptibility to Behcet’s disease

Immunologic Research - The aim of this study was to determine whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to Behcet’s disease (BD). A meta-analysis was...